|
Incomplete Life Sketches
Incomplete Life Sketch in Outline Form, c. 1922
Born 1872. Sent to England for education 1879. Studied at St Paul’s School, London, and King’s College, Cambridge. Returned to India. February, 1893. Life of preparation at Baroda 1893 1906 Political life — 1902 1910 [The "Swadeshi" movement prepared from 1902 5 and started definitely by Sri Aurobindo, Tilak, Lajpatrai and others in 1905. A movement for Indian independence, by non-cooperation and passive resistance and the organisation (under a national Council or Executive, but this did not materialise,) of arbitration, national education, economic independence, (especially handloom industry including the spinning-wheel, but also the opening of mills, factories and Swadeshi business concerns under Indian management and with Indian capital,) boycott of British goods, British law-courts, and all Government institutions, offices, honours etc. Mahatma Gandhi's noncooperation movement was a repetition of the "Swadeshi", but with an exclusive emphasis on the spinning-wheel and the transformation of passive resistance, ("Satyagraha") from a political means into a moral and religious dogma of soul-force and conquest by suffering. The running of the daily paper, "Bande Mataram", was only one of Sri Aurobindo's political activities.]1 Imprisonment — Thrice prosecuted; first for sedition and acquitted then in 1908 along with his brother Barindra, (one of the chief leaders of the revolutionary movement)
1 The square brackets are Sri Aurobindo’s. — Ed.
Page – 14 on a charge of conspiracy to wage war against the established Government. Acquitted after a year’s detention as an under-trial prisoner, mostly in a solitary cell last; in his absence in 1910, for sedition. This case also failed on appeal. = After 1909 carried on the political (Swadeshi) movement alone (the other leaders being in prison or in exile) for one year. Afterwards on receiving an inner intimation left politics for spiritual lifework. The intimation was that the Swadeshi movement must now end and would be followed later on by a Home Rule movement and a Non-cooperation movement of the Gandhi type, under other leaders.
Came to Pondicherry 1910. Started the “Arya”. 1914
Fragmentary Life Sketch, c. 1928
Aurobindo was born on August 15th, 1872, in Calcutta. His father, a man of great ability and strong personality, had been among the first to go to England for his education. He returned entirely Anglicised in habits, ideas and ideal, — so strongly that Aurobindo as a child spoke English and Hindustani only and learned his mother tongue only after his return from England. He was determined that his children should receive an entirely European upbringing. While in India they were sent for the beginning of their education to an Irish nuns’ school in Darjeeling and in 1879 he took his three sons to England and placed them with an English clergyman and his wife with strict instructions that they should not be allowed to make the acquaintance of any Indian or undergo any Indian influence. These instructions were carried out to the letter and Aurobindo grew up in entire ignorance of India, her people, her religion and her culture.
Page – 15 |